Pregnancy, Baby, Child Information, Parenting Community, Everyday. Family. Wondering how to prepare for pregnancy, to choose a baby name, or to get your toddler to sleep? Everyday. Family is the place to be, with resources from preconception to preschool and beyond. ![]() ![]() Everyday. Family provides expert advice and informative articles on everything from pregnancy symptoms to baby milestones and beyond. Millions of members are in the know thanks to continually expanding offerings including interactive tools, like our gender predictor; personalized content, like our week by week development newsletters; and member rewards programs. Everyday. Family is an online home for parents who are looking for information, support, and fun as their families grow. This extremely helpful guide, called the Live a healthier life with TODAY The symptoms and discomforts of pregnancy are those presentations and conditions that result from pregnancy but do not significantly interfere with activities of. ![]() ![]() Member provided information allows us to customize the site to meet individual needs and interests, with tips and tools; member forums and articles and videos tailored to a multitude of ages and stages. Of course, the family we serve goes beyond the site, to the global family we all share. Gallstones and gallbladder disease Highlights Diagnosis. Common symptoms of gallbladder disease include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, fever, and yellowing of. Pregnancy Symptoms Before Missed Period: Certain symptoms of pregnancy may be due to other medical conditions. The symptoms that are discussed below may not always. Inuit describes the various groups of indigenous peoples who live throughout Inuit Nunangat, that is the Inuvialuit Settlement Region of the Northwest Territories and. Early Pregnancy Symptoms. At 3 weeks pregnant, it has been three weeks since the first day of your last menstrual period. It's possible that you conceived at the end.Everyday. Family supports families everywhere in cooperation with charitable organizations on local, national, and global levels. Wondering how to prepare for pregnancy, to choose a baby name, or to get your toddler to sleep? Everyday. Family is the place to be, with resources from preconception to preschool and beyond. Everyday. Family provides expert advice and informative articles on everything from pregnancy symptoms to baby milestones and beyond. Millions of members are in the know thanks to continually expanding offerings including interactive tools, like our gender predictor; personalized content, like our week by week development newsletters; and member rewards programs. Everyday. Family is an online home for parents who are looking for information, support, and fun as their families grow. Member provided information allows us to customize the site to meet individual needs and interests, with tips and tools; member forums and articles and videos tailored to a multitude of ages and stages. Of course, the family we serve goes beyond the site, to the global family we all share. Everyday. Family supports families everywhere in cooperation with charitable organizations on local, national, and global levels. How to Get Pregnant (with Pictures)Featured Article Categories: Featured Articles. Your pregnancy: 1. She's busy moving amniotic fluid through her nose and upper respiratory tract, which helps the primitive air sacs in her lungs begin to develop. Her legs are growing longer than her arms now, and she can move all of her joints and limbs. Although her eyelids are still fused shut, she can sense light. If you shine a flashlight at your tummy, for instance, she's likely to move away from the beam. There's not much for your baby to taste at this point, but she is forming taste buds. If you have an ultrasound coming up, you may be able to find out whether your baby's a boy or a girl! Nailing down your baby's sex depends on the clarity of the picture and on your baby's position. He or she may be modestly curled up or turned in such a way as to . If your nose is stuffed up, for instance, you can probably chalk it up to the combined effect of hormonal changes and increased blood flow to your mucous membranes. This condition is so common there's even a name for it: . This test can identify hundreds of genetic and chromosomal disorders. If you're getting very anxious while waiting for the results, it may help to know that most women who undergo amniocentesis get good news about their babies – bringing welcome relief from their worries. Don't be surprised if you and your partner are feeling a little stressed out these days. Many pregnant couples worry about their baby's health and how they'll handle the changes ahead. But with physical discomforts on the wane and energy on the rise, this is also a wonderful trimester for most women. This is a great way to add some variety to your workout. I take my older children with me and let them swim while I exercise! You'll get the thrill of feeling your baby move. See all pregnancy videos. Learn about: Feeling your baby move. Feeling those first flutters and kicks is one of the most amazing experiences of pregnancy. Here's how much longer you'll have to wait and what to expect when your baby finally gets big and strong enough to let you know she's in there. When will I first feel my baby move? You'll probably feel your baby move sometime between 1. Thinner women tend to feel movement earlier. What will those first movements feel like? Women have described the sensation as being like popcorn popping, a goldfish swimming around, butterflies fluttering, a tapping sensation, and bubbles. You'll probably chalk up those first gentle movements in your belly to gas or hunger pangs, but once you start feeling them more regularly, you'll recognize the difference. You're more likely to feel these early movements when you're sitting or lying quietly. When should I worry about my baby's movements? Although your baby is moving around plenty already, many of her jerks and jolts aren't yet strong enough for you to feel. Later in the second trimester, her kicks will become stronger and you'll start to feel them regularly. At that point, pay attention to them and let your healthcare provider know right away if you notice a decrease in your baby's movement. Less movement may signal a problem, and you'll need a nonstress test or biophysical profile to check on your baby's condition. Once you're in your third trimester, your doctor or midwife may recommend that you spend some time each day counting your baby's kicks. Activity: Talk to your baby. Though you can't have a face- to- face chat just yet, talking to your baby is a great way to start the bonding process. If having an actual conversation seems odd to you, narrate your activities; read out loud; or share your secret wishes for your child. This is great practice for after your baby's born. Talking a lot to babies is one of the best ways to help them develop language skills. The average duration of pregnancy is about 2. Estimation of the date on which delivery should occur is based on the first day of the last menstrual period. Naegeli rule; table; prenatal care; prenatal diagnosis; Demographics. About 7 million American women become pregnant each year, and about two thirds of these pregnancies result in live births. In 2. 00. 9, there were 4,1. U. S. Signs and Symptoms. Presumptive and probable signs are those commonly associated with pregnancy but may be due to other causes, such as oral contraceptive therapy. Presumptive symptoms include amenorrhea, nausea and vomiting, breast tenderness, urinary frequency, fatigue, chloasma, vaginal hyperemia (Chadwick sign), and . Positive signs and symptoms of pregnancy are auscultation of fetal heart sounds, fetal movements felt by the examiner, and an identifiable embryonic outline on ultrasound. Physical Changes. The pregnant woman experiences many physiological alterations related to the increased levels of estrogen and progesterone and to the demands of the growing fetus; every system in the woman's body responds to these changes. Reproductive tract changes: Alterations in uterine size, shape, and consistency include an increase in uterine muscle mass over the months of pregnancy. In response to elevated estrogen and progesterone levels, the cervix and lower uterine segment soften. A thick mucous plug fills the cervical canal. Vaginal secretions increase, and vaginal p. H is more acidic (p. H = 3. 5 to 6. 0). Change in vaginal p. H discourages the survival and multiplication of bacteria; however, it also encourages infection by Candida albicans. The vagina elongates as the uterus rises in the pelvis; the mucosa thickens, with increases in secretions, vascularity, and elasticity. See: Chadwick sign; Goodell sign; Hegar sign. Breast changes: The breasts become enlarged, tender, and more nodular. The areolae darken; the nipples become more sensitive and erectile; and Montgomery's tubercles enlarge. Colostrum may leak out during the last trimester, as the breasts prepare for lactation. Endocrine glands: The size and activity of the thyroid gland increase markedly. Thyroid- binding globulin and triiodothyronine levels rise, while thyroid- stimulating hormone levels drop slightly. These changes allow the pregnant woman to meet the endocrine needs imposed by the developing fetus, and other body changes that occur during pregnancy. Pituitary activity increases; prolactin levels increase ensuring lactation; placental hormones prevent ovulation and encourage development of the corpus luteum. Parathyroid activity decreases during the first trimester, then increases throughout the pregnancy to meet the increasing calcium demands of the fetus. Insulin resistance increases; this poses a risk, for some women, of glucose intolerance or gestational diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular alterations: Circulating blood volume increases progressively throughout pregnancy, peaking in the middle of the third trimester. Although the red blood cell count rises by about 3. The lower relative hematocrit decreases the viscosity of the blood . However, a hemoglobin concentration of less than 1. Rising levels of clotting factors VII, VIII, IX, X, fibrinogen, and von Willebrand factor increase coagulability. The pulse rate increases, along with cardiac stroke volume. Peripheral vascular resistance drops. Mid- trimester blood pressure may be slightly lower than normal but remains essentially unchanged. Skeletal system: Softening and increased mobility of the pelvic articulations is reflected in the waddling gait of pregnancy. As pregnancy progresses, the woman's center of gravity shifts, and the lumbar curve increases to compensate for the growing anterior weight of the gravid uterus. Problems with dental caries may become more prominent during pregnancy but can be prevented with oral rinses (such as chlorhexidine) and regular brushing and flossing. Respiratory system: The effects of progesterone on smooth muscle include a decreased airway resistance, which enables the woman to meet her increased needs for oxygen by permitting a 3. The effects of estrogen include edema and congestion of the nasal mucosa, reflected in nosebleeds and nasal stuffiness. Gastrointestinal system: Nausea and vomiting is the single most common complaint during the first trimester. Progesterone- related diminished motility contributes to common complaints of heartburn and constipation. Hemorrhoids are common and caused by increased pressure in the lower pelvis and constipation. Immune system Alterations in T helper cell dominance produce immunological tolerance for the fetus and the placenta, both of which contain antigens that are alien to the mother. During pregnancy, autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus tend to become less active. Skin: Pigmentation changes in pregnancy include chloasma (the so- called mask of pregnancy), areolar darkening, and linea nigra (a pigmented line that vertically bisects the abdomen). They reflect estrogen- related stimulation of skin melanocytes. Striae gravidarum, also called stretch marks, may appear in the skin of the abdomen, breasts, and thighs. Urinary system: By middle of the first trimester, the glomerular filtration rate has risen by about 5. Although urinary frequency is common in the first and last trimesters, bladder capacity actually increases; however, pressure from the growing uterus reduces the volume required to stimulate voiding. During the second trimester, the uterus rises out of the pelvis, becoming an abdominal organ and relieving bladder compression until late in the third trimester. Weight: In average- sized individuals, expected first trimester weight gain is 2 to 5 lb. Total weight gain and the pattern by which it increases should be monitored to enable early signs of pregnancy- related problems common to the particular point in gestation. The Institute of Medicine recommends the following weight gains during singleton pregnancies: a woman with a prepregnancy body mass index less than 1. The recommended weight gains during pregnancy are different for multiple gestations, e. Health care providers describe to pregnant women common complaints related to normal physiological changes of pregnancy and suggest actions to minimize discomfort. Disorders. Nausea and vomiting. See: morning sickness. Heartburn: Hormone- related delayed gastric emptying, cardiac sphincter relaxation, and stomach displacement by the growing uterus contribute to reflux. The use of low- sodium or combination aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide preparations is recommended for symptomatic relief. For severe, unresponsive heartburn, over- the- counter H2 blockers, such as ranitidine (Zantac) or famotidine (Pepcid), may be recommended. Constipation: The woman should increase fiber and fluid intake. She also may use stool softeners. Muscle cramps: The woman may relieve the so- called charley horse that occurs during sleep by dorsiflexing the foot of the affected leg. A calcium- phosphorus imbalance may contribute to increased frequency of this problem, although the causes are not clear. The woman can increase calcium intake by drinking the recommended daily quart of milk or by drinking a pint of milk daily and taking a calcium supplement with vitamin D. Back pain: Growing anterior mass, shift in center of gravity, and increased lumbar curve contribute to backaches. To relieve discomfort, the pregnant woman should wear well- fitting, low- heeled shoes and perform exercises that increase abdominal muscle tone. See: pelvic rock; pelvic tilt. Dependent edema: Pedal edema is a common third- trimester complaint related to decreased venous return from the extremities. The woman is advised to rest frequently and to elevate her feet. She should report promptly any edema of the face, hands, or sacral area to facilitate early diagnosis and management of pregnancy- induced hypertension. Varicose veins: Decreased venous return from the extremities and compression of vascular structures by the growing uterus aggravate any weakness in the vascular walls and valves. Varicosities often occur in the legs, vulva, and pelvis. The woman should avoid tight clothing and prolonged standing. Other preventive and therapeutic measures include wearing support stockings, resting in left Sims' position, and elevating the lower limbs during sleep. Hemorrhoids: Temporary symptomatic relief may be obtained by Sitz baths and analgesic ointments. The woman also should be instructed in how to reinsert the hemorrhoid with a well- lubricated finger, holding it in place for 1 to 2 min before releasing the pressure. See: constipation. Vaginal discharge: A normal increase in vaginal discharge occurs during pregnancy. Common perineal hygiene usually is effective as a comfort measure; douching is contraindicated during pregnancy. The woman should contact her primary caregiver promptly if profuse, malodorous, or blood- tinged discharge occurs. See: vaginitis. Dyspnea: Shortness of breath occurs as the growing uterus presses on the woman's diaphragm. Elevation of the head and shoulders may provide some relief. The dyspnea disappears when lightening occurs. Pruritus: The normal stretching of the skin may generate itching on the breasts, abdomen, and vulva. Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy is the most common benign dermatosis of pregnancy. Occurring in the third trimester, it usually resolves spontaneously after delivery. If severe, topical emollients, steriods, and, antihistamines may provide some relief. Use of an emollient lotion may be suggested; the patient is instructed to inform her primary caregiver if vulvovaginal itching occurs in conjunction with an increase or alteration in vaginal discharge. See: vaginitis. Nutrition. A woman's nutritional status before and during pregnancy is an important factor that affects both her health and that of her unborn child. Nutritional assessment is an essential part of antepartal care.
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